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IOCs

Quasar is a very popular RAT in the world thanks to its code being available in open-source. This malware can be used to control the victim’s computer remotely.

Trojan
Type
Unknown
Origin
1 January, 2015
First seen
12 May, 2024
Last seen

How to analyze Quasar RAT with ANY.RUN

Type
Unknown
Origin
1 January, 2015
First seen
12 May, 2024
Last seen

IOCs

IP addresses
193.161.193.99
147.185.221.19
167.71.56.116
213.158.199.1
1.199.158.213
88.177.79.24
93.123.85.108
93.123.85.108
185.196.10.233
37.120.210.219
168.75.105.185
94.156.8.44
77.232.132.25
91.92.250.215
77.91.122.22
51.79.171.174
20.63.64.168
73.193.34.34
140.99.98.115
91.92.254.40
Hashes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new2024q.ddns.net
peurnick24.bumbleshrimp.com
6.tcp.eu.ngrok.io
ns1-a.era.pl
1.199.158.213.in-addr.arpa
19.ip.gl.ply.gg
0.tcp.eu.ngrok.io
0.tcp.in.ngrok.io
win32updates.duckdns.org
5.tcp.eu.ngrok.io
anonam99-55688.portmap.io
7.tcp.eu.ngrok.io
proxybreve.duckdns.org
180.ip.ply.gg
xm.wintk.vip
mvps-remote.duckdns.org
4.tcp.eu.ngrok.io
am-discrete.gl.at.ply.gg
doing-plans.gl.at.ply.gg
siyatermi.duckdns.org
URLs
http://1.199.158.213.in-addr.arpa:49669/
tcp://0.tcp.ap.ngrok.io:16495/
http://18.134.234.207/update/ping
http://18.134.234.207/update/error
http://18.134.234.207/update/report
http://telize.com/geoip
tcp://6.tcp.eu.ngrok.io:16451/
http://church-apr.gl.at.ply.gg/:31194
https://discordinit.ddns.net:4782/
http://www.telize.com/geoip
tcp://6.tcp.eu.ngrok.io:16457/
tcp://2.tcp.eu.ngrok.io:14336/
tcp://6.tcp.eu.ngrok.io:10324/
https://gofile.io/d/v2kHnq:8080
http://impact-eventually.at.playit.gg/tcp:60550
tcp://EdgyxNatexx-23830.portmap.io:23830/
tcp://6.tcp.ngrok.io:14412/
tcp://6.tcp.ngrok.io:4782/
Last Seen at

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What is Quasar RAT?

Quasar is a remote access trojan is used by attackers to take remote control of infected machines. It is written using the .NET programming language and is available to a wide public as an open-source project for Microsoft Windows operating systems, making it a popular RAT featured in many attacks.

General description of Quasar RAT

Quasar RAT was first discovered in 2015 by security researchers, who, at the time, speculated that an in-house development team wrote this RAT after performing the analysis of a sample. However, Quasar is an evolution of an older malware called xRAT, and some of its samples can carry out as many as 16 malicious actions.

Over the course of its lifetime, the malware has been updated several times, improving its overall functionality. The last version of the malware, which the original author developed, is v. 1.3.0.0. It was released in 2016. Since then, several third parties have adapted the RAT and issued their own version, both minor and major, with the last major version being v. 2.0.0.1.

The RAT we are reviewing today consists of two main components – the server-side component and the Quasar client-side component. The server is equipped with a graphical user interface, and it is used for managing connections with the client-side programs. The Quasar client-server architecture is also utilized to build malware samples which are eventually delivered to potential victims. Malware users can select attributes and customize the executable to fit the attacker's needs. The Quasar client and server run on different OSs including all Windows versions.

The functionality of the resulting malware includes remote file management on the infected machine, registry alterations, recording the actions of the victim, establishing remote desktop connections, and more. All of the data including requests are sent to the host server with the user-agent strings.

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It should be noted that Quasar's execution can unfold completely silently. Thus, once the victim downloads and launches the Quasar client, usually delivered in a document via email, it can stay active for a long period of time, stealing data and giving the hacker control over the infected PC. The malware does generate a process that can be discovered using the Windows Task Manager or a similar application, but active user actions are required to discover Quasar trojan's presence on a machine.

As far as creators of this malware are concerned, the group of people or a person behind the original version of this malware managed to remain anonymous. As a result, the little-known information that we do have does not go beyond the name of the GitHub page author, which states “quasar.”

As evident from the description on the “official” Quasar GitHub page, this malware is presented as a legitimate remote administration program, which is clearly misleading. In fact, Quasar was featured in an attack aimed at the US government early in 2017. Later the same year, another wave of attacks using this malware occurred, targeting the private sector.

Quasar RAT malware analysis

The execution process of this malware can be viewed in a video recorded in the ANY.RUN malware hunting service, allowing to perform analysis of how the contamination process unfolds.

process graph of the quasar stealer execution Figure 1: Displays the lifecycle of Quasar in a visual form, as shown on the graph generated by ANY.RUN.

text report of quasar analysis Figure 2: Shows a customizable text report generated by the ANY.RUN malware hunting service.

Quasar RAT execution process

Based on the analysis, Quasar execution is pretty straightforward but can vary in minor details from sample to sample. The RAT's user-agent strings fake various processes such as a browser running on Windows. In the given example, Quasar was dropped from a Microsoft Office file. Then, the dropped file changed the registry value to run with every operating system start, checked for external IP, and copied itself at another location. After all these steps, the malware started the main malicious activity - collecting information about the operating system and waiting for commands from the C2 server. Quasar allows malware users to collect host system data.

How to avoid infection by Quasar?

Quasar trojan writes itself into scheduled tasks and uses registry keys to achieve persistence, allowing the malware the run every time a machine is started. The persistence method is chosen based on user privileges. If the user has admin rights, the malware uses schtasks to create a scheduled task that launches after a user logs on with the highest run level. If admin rights are lacking, then the scheduled task can only go as far as adding a registry value configured in the client builder and added to the current path as the startup program. The best way to avoid infection is for cybersecurity specialists gt to know various user-agent strings that exist in their network, and identify suspicious user-agent strings.

Distribution of Quasar RAT

Like most other RATs, for example Crimson RAT or Orcus RAT, Quasar is distributed in email spam campaigns that carry the malware’s loader. The loader is embedded in a malicious file attachment which usually carries a name designed to trick the user into thinking that they are receiving some sort of a document. Sometimes these files will have a double extension such as docx.exe. Again, this is done to trick the victim into thinking that the attached file is harmless. Of course, once opened, such files start a command prompt rather than Microsoft Office.

How to detect Quasar RAT using ANY.RUN?

ANY.RUN uses Suricata IDS rule sets, so if malware tries to communicate with C&C servers, it will be detected. To look at what threats were detected, just click on the "Threats" section of the "Network" tab.

quasar network threats Figure 3: Quasar network threats

Conclusion

Quasar trojan is a powerful open-source malware equipped with a robust persistence mechanism and a complete feature set of malicious capabilities. Being available to anybody with programming knowledge, Quasar became a widely used RAT which was even featured in an attack targeted at the American government.

However, unlike other more advanced Trojans, Quasar RAT does not have extremely sophisticated anti-analysis features, which makes setting up robust cyber-defense an easier task, especially when using malware hunting services like ANY.RUN to simplify and streamline the research process.

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