URL:

http://kynangtuhoc.com/WRCk6xGo9s

Full analysis: https://app.any.run/tasks/53651de2-7a09-4104-8620-bb39b3da8fe6
Verdict: Malicious activity
Threats:

Emotet is one of the most dangerous trojans ever created. Over the course of its lifetime, it was upgraded to become a very destructive malware. It targets mostly corporate victims but even private users get infected in mass spam email campaigns.

Analysis date: January 18, 2019, 10:33:27
OS: Windows 7 Professional Service Pack 1 (build: 7601, 32 bit)
Tags:
trojan
loader
emotet
feodo
Indicators:
MD5:

1550AF62AF26C241C2CA55D8809B4F13

SHA1:

E191FB5FF7E6C5E1211884433911830D061E108B

SHA256:

6BDCE63D01AB0793035016E99FB4B2BD28C02032B5EECB76AEEBCEE2DDC58E83

SSDEEP:

3:N1KVc9qKcd3k5jcWn:C2cKcd0BcWn

ANY.RUN is an interactive service which provides full access to the guest system. Information in this report could be distorted by user actions and is provided for user acknowledgement as it is. ANY.RUN does not guarantee maliciousness or safety of the content.
  • MALICIOUS

    • Downloads executable files from the Internet

      • iexplore.exe (PID: 588)
      • chrome.exe (PID: 2928)
      • iexplore.exe (PID: 2924)
    • Application was dropped or rewritten from another process

      • 6CNOo6oS.exe (PID: 3660)
      • 6CNOo6oS.exe (PID: 1160)
      • wabmetagen.exe (PID: 2172)
      • wabmetagen.exe (PID: 3252)
    • Changes the autorun value in the registry

      • wabmetagen.exe (PID: 3252)
    • EMOTET was detected

      • wabmetagen.exe (PID: 3252)
    • Connects to CnC server

      • wabmetagen.exe (PID: 3252)
  • SUSPICIOUS

    • Executable content was dropped or overwritten

      • chrome.exe (PID: 2928)
      • 6CNOo6oS.exe (PID: 1160)
    • Starts itself from another location

      • 6CNOo6oS.exe (PID: 1160)
    • Cleans NTFS data-stream (Zone Identifier)

      • 6CNOo6oS.exe (PID: 1160)
    • Application launched itself

      • wabmetagen.exe (PID: 2172)
    • Connects to unusual port

      • wabmetagen.exe (PID: 3252)
  • INFO

    • Application launched itself

      • iexplore.exe (PID: 2856)
      • chrome.exe (PID: 2928)
    • Reads Internet Cache Settings

      • iexplore.exe (PID: 588)
      • iexplore.exe (PID: 2924)
      • chrome.exe (PID: 2928)
    • Changes internet zones settings

      • iexplore.exe (PID: 2856)
      • iexplore.exe (PID: 2276)
    • Reads internet explorer settings

      • iexplore.exe (PID: 2924)
    • Dropped object may contain Bitcoin addresses

      • 6CNOo6oS.exe (PID: 1160)
      • chrome.exe (PID: 2928)
    • Reads settings of System Certificates

      • chrome.exe (PID: 2928)
    • Creates files in the user directory

      • iexplore.exe (PID: 2276)
Find more information about signature artifacts and mapping to MITRE ATT&CK™ MATRIX at the full report
No Malware configuration.
No data.
screenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshotscreenshot
All screenshots are available in the full report
All screenshots are available in the full report
Total processes
54
Monitored processes
21
Malicious processes
4
Suspicious processes
0

Behavior graph

Click at the process to see the details
start drop and start iexplore.exe iexplore.exe iexplore.exe iexplore.exe chrome.exe chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs chrome.exe no specs 6cnoo6os.exe no specs 6cnoo6os.exe wabmetagen.exe no specs #EMOTET wabmetagen.exe chrome.exe no specs

Process information

PID
CMD
Path
Indicators
Parent process
588"C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" SCODEF:2856 CREDAT:71937C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe
iexplore.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Microsoft Corporation
Integrity Level:
LOW
Description:
Internet Explorer
Exit code:
0
Version:
8.00.7600.16385 (win7_rtm.090713-1255)
Modules
Images
c:\program files\internet explorer\iexplore.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\windows\system32\advapi32.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\sechost.dll
c:\windows\system32\rpcrt4.dll
c:\windows\system32\user32.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
1160"C:\Users\admin\Downloads\6CNOo6oS.exe"C:\Users\admin\Downloads\6CNOo6oS.exe
6CNOo6oS.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Networks Associates Technology, Inc
Integrity Level:
MEDIUM
Description:
McAfee VirusScan Welcome Resource
Exit code:
0
Version:
8, 0, 0, 26
Modules
Images
c:\users\admin\downloads\6cnoo6os.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\advapi32.dll
c:\windows\system32\sechost.dll
c:\windows\system32\rpcrt4.dll
c:\windows\system32\ole32.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
1164"C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --type=renderer --field-trial-handle=956,8747090694028559049,7780108798324857840,131072 --enable-features=PasswordImport --disable-gpu-compositing --service-pipe-token=F65FB8E2B281DFAC6E903409E04CB907 --lang=en-US --enable-offline-auto-reload --enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --device-scale-factor=1 --num-raster-threads=2 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --service-request-channel-token=F65FB8E2B281DFAC6E903409E04CB907 --renderer-client-id=10 --mojo-platform-channel-handle=3952 /prefetch:1C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exechrome.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Google Inc.
Integrity Level:
LOW
Description:
Google Chrome
Exit code:
0
Version:
68.0.3440.106
Modules
Images
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\chrome.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\68.0.3440.106\chrome_elf.dll
c:\windows\system32\version.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\shell32.dll
c:\windows\system32\shlwapi.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
2172"C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\wabmetagen\wabmetagen.exe"C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\wabmetagen\wabmetagen.exe6CNOo6oS.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Networks Associates Technology, Inc
Integrity Level:
MEDIUM
Description:
McAfee VirusScan Welcome Resource
Exit code:
0
Version:
8, 0, 0, 26
Modules
Images
c:\users\admin\appdata\local\wabmetagen\wabmetagen.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\windows\system32\advapi32.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\sechost.dll
c:\windows\system32\rpcrt4.dll
c:\windows\system32\ole32.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
2192"C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --type=gpu-process --field-trial-handle=956,8747090694028559049,7780108798324857840,131072 --enable-features=PasswordImport --gpu-preferences=KAAAAAAAAACAAwBAAQAAAAAAAAAAAGAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACgAAAAEAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAoAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAOAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAKAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAABAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAoAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAEAAAALAAAA --service-request-channel-token=57518BC768949EEFE59CBFAA7C7F49E5 --mojo-platform-channel-handle=980 --ignored=" --type=renderer " /prefetch:2C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exechrome.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Google Inc.
Integrity Level:
LOW
Description:
Google Chrome
Exit code:
0
Version:
68.0.3440.106
Modules
Images
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\chrome.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\68.0.3440.106\chrome_elf.dll
c:\windows\system32\version.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\shell32.dll
c:\windows\system32\shlwapi.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
2276"C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe
explorer.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Microsoft Corporation
Integrity Level:
MEDIUM
Description:
Internet Explorer
Exit code:
1
Version:
8.00.7600.16385 (win7_rtm.090713-1255)
Modules
Images
c:\program files\internet explorer\iexplore.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\windows\system32\advapi32.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\sechost.dll
c:\windows\system32\rpcrt4.dll
c:\windows\system32\user32.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
2400"C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --type=renderer --field-trial-handle=956,8747090694028559049,7780108798324857840,131072 --enable-features=PasswordImport --disable-gpu-compositing --service-pipe-token=BF64568FAC3CF09E51782F9DDAA62DC1 --lang=en-US --instant-process --enable-offline-auto-reload --enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --device-scale-factor=1 --num-raster-threads=2 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --service-request-channel-token=BF64568FAC3CF09E51782F9DDAA62DC1 --renderer-client-id=7 --mojo-platform-channel-handle=3184 /prefetch:1C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exechrome.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Google Inc.
Integrity Level:
LOW
Description:
Google Chrome
Exit code:
0
Version:
68.0.3440.106
Modules
Images
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\chrome.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\68.0.3440.106\chrome_elf.dll
c:\windows\system32\version.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\shell32.dll
c:\windows\system32\shlwapi.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
2612"C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --type=utility --field-trial-handle=956,8747090694028559049,7780108798324857840,131072 --enable-features=PasswordImport --lang=en-US --no-sandbox --service-request-channel-token=A0A9BD3A23B571E398E03D1A6B48374C --mojo-platform-channel-handle=2288 /prefetch:8C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exechrome.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Google Inc.
Integrity Level:
MEDIUM
Description:
Google Chrome
Exit code:
0
Version:
68.0.3440.106
Modules
Images
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\chrome.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\68.0.3440.106\chrome_elf.dll
c:\windows\system32\version.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\shell32.dll
c:\windows\system32\shlwapi.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
2788"C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --type=renderer --field-trial-handle=956,8747090694028559049,7780108798324857840,131072 --enable-features=PasswordImport --disable-gpu-compositing --service-pipe-token=9D38D4AFDAAEE9CD9632E56646ECEC5D --lang=en-US --enable-offline-auto-reload --enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --device-scale-factor=1 --num-raster-threads=2 --enable-main-frame-before-activation --service-request-channel-token=9D38D4AFDAAEE9CD9632E56646ECEC5D --renderer-client-id=9 --mojo-platform-channel-handle=3888 /prefetch:1C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exechrome.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Google Inc.
Integrity Level:
LOW
Description:
Google Chrome
Exit code:
0
Version:
68.0.3440.106
Modules
Images
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\chrome.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\program files\google\chrome\application\68.0.3440.106\chrome_elf.dll
c:\windows\system32\version.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\shell32.dll
c:\windows\system32\shlwapi.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
2856"C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" -nohomeC:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe
explorer.exe
User:
admin
Company:
Microsoft Corporation
Integrity Level:
MEDIUM
Description:
Internet Explorer
Exit code:
1
Version:
8.00.7600.16385 (win7_rtm.090713-1255)
Modules
Images
c:\program files\internet explorer\iexplore.exe
c:\systemroot\system32\ntdll.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll
c:\windows\system32\kernelbase.dll
c:\windows\system32\advapi32.dll
c:\windows\system32\msvcrt.dll
c:\windows\system32\sechost.dll
c:\windows\system32\rpcrt4.dll
c:\windows\system32\user32.dll
c:\windows\system32\gdi32.dll
Total events
1 324
Read events
1 167
Write events
152
Delete events
5

Modification events

(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
Operation:writeName:CompatibilityFlags
Value:
0
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap
Operation:writeName:UNCAsIntranet
Value:
0
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap
Operation:writeName:AutoDetect
Value:
1
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Zones
Operation:writeName:SecuritySafe
Value:
1
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings
Operation:writeName:ProxyEnable
Value:
0
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Connections
Operation:writeName:SavedLegacySettings
Value:
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
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Recovery\Active
Operation:writeName:{89BE447D-1B0C-11E9-BAD8-5254004A04AF}
Value:
0
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\Stats\{2670000A-7350-4F3C-8081-5663EE0C6C49}\iexplore
Operation:writeName:Type
Value:
4
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\Stats\{2670000A-7350-4F3C-8081-5663EE0C6C49}\iexplore
Operation:writeName:Count
Value:
3
(PID) Process:(2856) iexplore.exeKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Ext\Stats\{2670000A-7350-4F3C-8081-5663EE0C6C49}\iexplore
Operation:writeName:Time
Value:
E3070100050012000A0021003100B300
Executable files
3
Suspicious files
68
Text files
75
Unknown types
10

Dropped files

PID
Process
Filename
Type
2856iexplore.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\RB73MZ6Y\favicon[1].ico
MD5:
SHA256:
2856iexplore.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\LocalLow\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Services\search_{0633EE93-D776-472f-A0FF-E1416B8B2E3A}.ico
MD5:
SHA256:
2856iexplore.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\~DF98129ABC1F079443.TMP
MD5:
SHA256:
2276iexplore.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\R9ZEWH8D\favicon[1].ico
MD5:
SHA256:
2276iexplore.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\LocalLow\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Services\search_{0633EE93-D776-472f-A0FF-E1416B8B2E3A}.ico
MD5:
SHA256:
2856iexplore.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\~DFCFB2F7E76F6EB5D3.TMP
MD5:
SHA256:
2856iexplore.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Recovery\Active\RecoveryStore.{89BE447D-1B0C-11E9-BAD8-5254004A04AF}.dat
MD5:
SHA256:
2928chrome.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\data_reduction_proxy_leveldb\LOG.old
MD5:
SHA256:
2928chrome.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\cd310dca-9425-4bd3-aefb-55cbc985bcb4.tmp
MD5:
SHA256:
2928chrome.exeC:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Download Service\EntryDB\000016.dbtmp
MD5:
SHA256:
Download PCAP, analyze network streams, HTTP content and a lot more at the full report
HTTP(S) requests
12
TCP/UDP connections
29
DNS requests
18
Threats
20

HTTP requests

PID
Process
Method
HTTP Code
IP
URL
CN
Type
Size
Reputation
3252
wabmetagen.exe
GET
200.43.114.10:8080
http://200.43.114.10:8080/
AR
malicious
3252
wabmetagen.exe
GET
190.55.123.250:80
http://190.55.123.250/
AR
malicious
3252
wabmetagen.exe
GET
201.103.81.129:80
http://201.103.81.129/
MX
malicious
588
iexplore.exe
GET
200
103.221.220.11:80
http://kynangtuhoc.com/WRCk6xGo9s/
VN
executable
340 Kb
malicious
2928
chrome.exe
GET
200
209.217.33.193:80
http://www.antique-carpets.com/PIpK4IlRd/
US
executable
340 Kb
malicious
2924
iexplore.exe
GET
301
209.217.33.193:80
http://www.antique-carpets.com/PIpK4IlRd
US
html
322 b
malicious
2924
iexplore.exe
GET
200
209.217.33.193:80
http://www.antique-carpets.com/PIpK4IlRd/
US
executable
340 Kb
malicious
588
iexplore.exe
GET
301
103.221.220.11:80
http://kynangtuhoc.com/WRCk6xGo9s
VN
html
617 b
malicious
2856
iexplore.exe
GET
200
204.79.197.200:80
http://www.bing.com/favicon.ico
US
image
237 b
whitelisted
2276
iexplore.exe
GET
200
204.79.197.200:80
http://www.bing.com/favicon.ico
US
image
237 b
whitelisted
Download PCAP, analyze network streams, HTTP content and a lot more at the full report

Connections

PID
Process
IP
Domain
ASN
CN
Reputation
588
iexplore.exe
103.221.220.11:80
kynangtuhoc.com
The Corporation for Financing & Promoting Technology
VN
suspicious
2856
iexplore.exe
204.79.197.200:80
www.bing.com
Microsoft Corporation
US
whitelisted
2276
iexplore.exe
204.79.197.200:80
www.bing.com
Microsoft Corporation
US
whitelisted
2924
iexplore.exe
209.217.33.193:80
www.antique-carpets.com
Catalog.com
US
malicious
2928
chrome.exe
216.58.208.35:443
www.google.de
Google Inc.
US
whitelisted
2928
chrome.exe
216.58.206.10:443
safebrowsing.googleapis.com
Google Inc.
US
whitelisted
2928
chrome.exe
172.217.22.3:443
www.gstatic.com
Google Inc.
US
whitelisted
2928
chrome.exe
172.217.16.195:443
ssl.gstatic.com
Google Inc.
US
whitelisted
2928
chrome.exe
209.217.33.193:80
www.antique-carpets.com
Catalog.com
US
malicious
2928
chrome.exe
172.217.21.238:443
sb-ssl.google.com
Google Inc.
US
whitelisted

DNS requests

Domain
IP
Reputation
www.bing.com
  • 204.79.197.200
  • 13.107.21.200
whitelisted
kynangtuhoc.com
  • 103.221.220.11
malicious
www.antique-carpets.com
  • 209.217.33.193
malicious
clientservices.googleapis.com
  • 172.217.22.99
whitelisted
www.google.de
  • 216.58.208.35
whitelisted
www.gstatic.com
  • 172.217.22.3
whitelisted
safebrowsing.googleapis.com
  • 216.58.206.10
whitelisted
accounts.google.com
  • 172.217.18.109
shared
ssl.gstatic.com
  • 172.217.16.195
whitelisted
apis.google.com
  • 172.217.18.14
whitelisted

Threats

PID
Process
Class
Message
588
iexplore.exe
Potential Corporate Privacy Violation
ET POLICY PE EXE or DLL Windows file download HTTP
588
iexplore.exe
A Network Trojan was detected
ET TROJAN VBScript Redirect Style Exe File Download
588
iexplore.exe
Misc activity
ET INFO EXE - Served Attached HTTP
2924
iexplore.exe
Potential Corporate Privacy Violation
ET POLICY PE EXE or DLL Windows file download HTTP
2924
iexplore.exe
Misc activity
ET INFO EXE - Served Attached HTTP
2928
chrome.exe
Potential Corporate Privacy Violation
ET POLICY PE EXE or DLL Windows file download HTTP
2928
chrome.exe
Misc activity
ET INFO EXE - Served Attached HTTP
3252
wabmetagen.exe
A Network Trojan was detected
SC SPYWARE Spyware Emotet Win32
3252
wabmetagen.exe
A Network Trojan was detected
MALWARE [PTsecurity] Feodo HTTP request
3252
wabmetagen.exe
A Network Trojan was detected
SC SPYWARE Spyware Emotet Win32
3 ETPRO signatures available at the full report
No debug info