| download: | SteamSetup.exe |
| Full analysis: | https://app.any.run/tasks/35e2f490-1d77-4d2a-91de-c918e6f99cd0 |
| Verdict: | Malicious activity |
| Analysis date: | April 10, 2020, 08:35:54 |
| OS: | Windows 7 Professional Service Pack 1 (build: 7601, 32 bit) |
| Indicators: | |
| MIME: | application/x-dosexec |
| File info: | PE32 executable (GUI) Intel 80386, for MS Windows, Nullsoft Installer self-extracting archive |
| MD5: | 81448C2E730B50B597BBD5E43007CE6A |
| SHA1: | 4B1B85EC2499A4CE07C89609B256923A4FC479E5 |
| SHA256: | 3BC6942FE09F10ED3447BCCDCF4A70ED369366FEF6B2C7F43B541F1A3C5D1C51 |
| SSDEEP: | 24576:QDliBd5TyliR0gWwOvTCU1z3zk51iq449nkU0/1COmcrOqpXzzE2YeshfLKB7:QD8tylwXoTCWi1iq1nkU09lRENhJLKB7 |
| .exe | | | Win32 Executable MS Visual C++ (generic) (42.2) |
|---|---|---|
| .exe | | | Win64 Executable (generic) (37.3) |
| .dll | | | Win32 Dynamic Link Library (generic) (8.8) |
| .exe | | | Win32 Executable (generic) (6) |
| .exe | | | Generic Win/DOS Executable (2.7) |
| MachineType: | Intel 386 or later, and compatibles |
|---|---|
| TimeStamp: | 2016:07:25 02:55:51+02:00 |
| PEType: | PE32 |
| LinkerVersion: | 6 |
| CodeSize: | 25088 |
| InitializedDataSize: | 141824 |
| UninitializedDataSize: | 2048 |
| EntryPoint: | 0x33b6 |
| OSVersion: | 4 |
| ImageVersion: | 6 |
| SubsystemVersion: | 4 |
| Subsystem: | Windows GUI |
| FileVersionNumber: | 2.10.91.91 |
| ProductVersionNumber: | 2.10.91.91 |
| FileFlagsMask: | 0x0000 |
| FileFlags: | (none) |
| FileOS: | Win32 |
| ObjectFileType: | Executable application |
| FileSubtype: | - |
| LanguageCode: | Bulgarian |
| CharacterSet: | Windows, Cyrillic |
| FileDescription: | Steam |
| FileVersion: | 2.10.91.91 |
| LegalCopyright: | © Valve Corporation |
| ProductName: | Steam |
| Architecture: | IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386 |
|---|---|
| Subsystem: | IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_GUI |
| Compilation Date: | 25-Jul-2016 00:55:51 |
| Detected languages: |
|
| FileDescription: | Steam |
| FileVersion: | 2.10.91.91 |
| LegalCopyright: | © Valve Corporation |
| ProductName: | Steam |
| Magic number: | MZ |
|---|---|
| Bytes on last page of file: | 0x0090 |
| Pages in file: | 0x0003 |
| Relocations: | 0x0000 |
| Size of header: | 0x0004 |
| Min extra paragraphs: | 0x0000 |
| Max extra paragraphs: | 0xFFFF |
| Initial SS value: | 0x0000 |
| Initial SP value: | 0x00B8 |
| Checksum: | 0x0000 |
| Initial IP value: | 0x0000 |
| Initial CS value: | 0x0000 |
| Overlay number: | 0x0000 |
| OEM identifier: | 0x0000 |
| OEM information: | 0x0000 |
| Address of NE header: | 0x000000C8 |
| Signature: | PE |
|---|---|
| Machine: | IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386 |
| Number of sections: | 5 |
| Time date stamp: | 25-Jul-2016 00:55:51 |
| Pointer to Symbol Table: | 0x00000000 |
| Number of symbols: | 0 |
| Size of Optional Header: | 0x00E0 |
| Characteristics: |
|
Name | Virtual Address | Virtual Size | Raw Size | Charateristics | Entropy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.text | 0x00001000 | 0x0000615D | 0x00006200 | IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ | 6.45023 |
.rdata | 0x00008000 | 0x000013A4 | 0x00001400 | IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ | 5.163 |
.data | 0x0000A000 | 0x00020338 | 0x00000600 | IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE | 3.9824 |
.ndata | 0x0002B000 | 0x00036000 | 0x00000000 | IMAGE_SCN_CNT_UNINITIALIZED_DATA, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE | 0 |
.rsrc | 0x00061000 | 0x00012868 | 0x00012A00 | IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA, IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ | 6.2422 |
Title | Entropy | Size | Codepage | Language | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 5.28717 | 1069 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_MANIFEST |
2 | 5.48879 | 9640 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
3 | 4.72962 | 7336 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
4 | 5.942 | 4264 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
5 | 4.91233 | 3240 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
6 | 4.19177 | 1384 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
7 | 5.69139 | 1128 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
8 | 5.71619 | 872 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
9 | 2.35861 | 176 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_ICON |
103 | 2.77822 | 132 | UNKNOWN | English - United States | RT_GROUP_ICON |
ADVAPI32.dll |
COMCTL32.dll |
GDI32.dll |
KERNEL32.dll |
SHELL32.dll |
USER32.dll |
ole32.dll |
PID | CMD | Path | Indicators | Parent process | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 404 | "C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe" --type=gpu-process --field-trial-handle=1092,8240024564995049641,10176337760728642952,131072 --disable-features=CalculateNativeWinOcclusion,MimeHandlerViewInCrossProcessFrame --log-file="C:\Program Files\Steam\logs\cef_log.txt" --product-version="Valve Steam Client" --lang=en-US --force-device-scale-factor=1 --disablehighdpi --buildid=1586022601 --steamid=0 --gpu-preferences=KAAAAAAAAADgAAAwAAAAAAAAYAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACgAAAAEAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAoAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAOAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAFAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgAAABAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAUAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAGAAAA --use-gl=swiftshader-webgl --log-file="C:\Program Files\Steam\logs\cef_log.txt" --service-request-channel-token=15539076299679319925 --mojo-platform-channel-handle=1348 --ignored=" --type=renderer " /prefetch:2 | C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe | — | steamwebhelper.exe | |||||||||||
User: admin Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: LOW Description: Steam Client WebHelper Exit code: 0 Version: 05.79.39.85 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 772 | "C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe" --type=gpu-process --field-trial-handle=1092,8240024564995049641,10176337760728642952,131072 --disable-features=CalculateNativeWinOcclusion,MimeHandlerViewInCrossProcessFrame --log-file="C:\Program Files\Steam\logs\cef_log.txt" --product-version="Valve Steam Client" --lang=en-US --force-device-scale-factor=1 --disablehighdpi --buildid=1586022601 --steamid=0 --gpu-preferences=KAAAAAAAAADgAAAwAAAAAAAAYAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACgAAAAEAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAoAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAOAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAFAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABgAAABAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAUAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAGAAAA --log-file="C:\Program Files\Steam\logs\cef_log.txt" --service-request-channel-token=3378973736605790212 --mojo-platform-channel-handle=1136 --ignored=" --type=renderer " /prefetch:2 | C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe | — | steamwebhelper.exe | |||||||||||
User: admin Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: LOW Description: Steam Client WebHelper Exit code: 4 Version: 05.79.39.85 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 968 | "C:\Program Files\Steam\steam.exe" | C:\Program Files\Steam\steam.exe | explorer.exe | ||||||||||||
User: admin Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: MEDIUM Description: Steam Client Bootstrapper Exit code: 42 Version: 04.52.21.91 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 1504 | "C:\Program Files\Common Files\Steam\SteamService.exe" /RunAsService | C:\Program Files\Common Files\Steam\SteamService.exe | services.exe | ||||||||||||
User: SYSTEM Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: SYSTEM Description: Steam Client Service Exit code: 0 Version: 05.79.39.85 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 1604 | "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\SteamSetup.exe" | C:\Users\admin\Desktop\SteamSetup.exe | — | explorer.exe | |||||||||||
User: admin Integrity Level: MEDIUM Description: Steam Exit code: 3221226540 Version: 2.10.91.91 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 1784 | "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nsrE4AD.tmp\ns5D0B.tmp" "C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\steamservice.exe" /Install | C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nsrE4AD.tmp\ns5D0B.tmp | — | SteamSetup.exe | |||||||||||
User: admin Integrity Level: HIGH Exit code: 0 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 2300 | "C:\Program Files\Common Files\Steam\SteamServiceTmp.exe" /Update | C:\Program Files\Common Files\Steam\SteamServiceTmp.exe | SteamService.exe | ||||||||||||
User: SYSTEM Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: SYSTEM Description: Steam Client Service Exit code: 0 Version: 05.79.39.85 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 2508 | "C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe" "-lang=hu_HU" "-cachedir=C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Steam\htmlcache" "-steampid=2812" "-buildid=1586022601" "-steamid=0" "-steamuniverse=Public" "-clientui=C:\Program Files\Steam\clientui" --enable-blink-features=ResizeObserver,Worklet,AudioWorklet --enable-media-stream --enable-smooth-scrolling --enable-direct-write --disablehighdpi --force-device-scale-factor=1 --device-scale-factor=1 "--log-file=C:\Program Files\Steam\logs\cef_log.txt" | C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe | steam.exe | ||||||||||||
User: admin Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: MEDIUM Description: Steam Client WebHelper Exit code: 3221225547 Version: 05.79.39.85 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 2808 | "C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe" --type=crashpad-handler /prefetch:7 --max-uploads=5 --max-db-size=20 --max-db-age=5 --monitor-self-annotation=ptype=crashpad-handler "--database=C:\Program Files\Steam\dumps" "--metrics-dir=C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\CEF\User Data" --url=http://crash.steampowered.com/submit --annotation=platform=win32 --annotation=product=cefwebhelper --annotation=version=1586022601 --initial-client-data=0x18c,0x190,0x194,0x188,0x198,0x677767e0,0x677767f0,0x677767fc | C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7\steamwebhelper.exe | — | steamwebhelper.exe | |||||||||||
User: admin Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: MEDIUM Description: Steam Client WebHelper Exit code: 0 Version: 05.79.39.85 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| 2812 | "C:\Program Files\Steam\steam.exe" | C:\Program Files\Steam\steam.exe | steam.exe | ||||||||||||
User: admin Company: Valve Corporation Integrity Level: MEDIUM Description: Steam Client Bootstrapper Exit code: 0 Version: 05.79.39.85 Modules
| |||||||||||||||
| (PID) Process: | (3272) steamservice.exe | Key: | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\services\eventlog\Application\Steam Client Service |
| Operation: | write | Name: | EventMessageFile |
Value: C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\steamservice.exe | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3272) steamservice.exe | Key: | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\services\eventlog\Application\Steam Client Service |
| Operation: | write | Name: | TypesSupported |
Value: 7 | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3272) steamservice.exe | Key: | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Valve\Steam |
| Operation: | write | Name: | InstallPath |
Value: C:\Program Files\Steam | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3272) steamservice.exe | Key: | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\steam |
| Operation: | write | Name: | |
Value: URL:steam protocol | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3272) steamservice.exe | Key: | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\steam |
| Operation: | write | Name: | URL Protocol |
Value: | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3272) steamservice.exe | Key: | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\steam\DefaultIcon |
| Operation: | write | Name: | |
Value: steam.exe | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3320) SteamSetup.exe | Key: | HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Valve\Steam |
| Operation: | write | Name: | Language |
Value: hungarian | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3320) SteamSetup.exe | Key: | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Valve\Steam |
| Operation: | write | Name: | Language |
Value: hungarian | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3320) SteamSetup.exe | Key: | HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run |
| Operation: | write | Name: | Steam |
Value: "C:\Program Files\Steam\steam.exe" -silent | |||
| (PID) Process: | (3320) SteamSetup.exe | Key: | HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Valve\Steam |
| Operation: | write | Name: | SteamInstaller |
Value: SteamSetup.exe | |||
PID | Process | Filename | Type | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nsrE4AD.tmp\modern-wizard.bmp | image | |
MD5:3614A4BE6B610F1DAF6C801574F161FE | SHA256:16E0EDC9F47E6E95A9BCAD15ADBDC46BE774FBCD045DD526FC16FC38FDC8D49B | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nsrE4AD.tmp\modern-header.bmp | image | |
MD5:DA3486D12BB4C8AEC16BD9E0D363D23F | SHA256:D93B76D51BD2214FA6E999C1BF70B4AFF5165A6542F9B9B2A92B5672601F4624 | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\bin\SteamService.exe | executable | |
MD5:3E654318B9C1203BEB7F4AEFB2F6D839 | SHA256:2CDB8A21456DF3DBC46C23460BE079BF285B1352BD6B131F572D4CB52BACF252 | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nsrE4AD.tmp\System.dll | executable | |
MD5:A4DD044BCD94E9B3370CCF095B31F896 | SHA256:2E226715419A5882E2E14278940EE8EF0AA648A3EF7AF5B3DC252674111962BC | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\public\steambootstrapper_english.txt | text | |
MD5:6DF4E3EBC6D7C96FE41C4C5213F17EFA | SHA256:6387F9AFF0226A5226D5D4F0FBE77AC80797CA621F0892034F38F0BF2370E4E1 | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Temp\nsrE4AD.tmp\nsProcess.dll | executable | |
MD5:F0438A894F3A7E01A4AAE8D1B5DD0289 | SHA256:30C6C3DD3CC7FCEA6E6081CE821ADC7B2888542DAE30BF00E881C0A105EB4D11 | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\public\steambootstrapper_finnish.txt | text | |
MD5:537FD7E53FD7C2C0BB5A2B26A0BF8867 | SHA256:FAE3118F870C1ADB564F641FEE63CA1334A0F65213B16201511B343BBDAAC544 | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\public\steambootstrapper_czech.txt | text | |
MD5:B02DDD5E3B43E43EE9E51E13968B7A21 | SHA256:81A445A3CEB495564829CC7B0280FA993974B33476B85EDCDF87F738CA82705B | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\public\steambootstrapper_hungarian.txt | text | |
MD5:9F40B6B09785B41F1518C86E1101DCF3 | SHA256:82D9DA0C4F4F1971AD133E61238C4DBD946B9A58E766EFD36A949F975B96ED8D | |||
| 3320 | SteamSetup.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\public\steambootstrapper_japanese.txt | text | |
MD5:9C00F0CF5F52C9B6E1288ABED68219B2 | SHA256:3E3CD5B49164D7FBFB16E1B0896955F2A8C50E1B1A0264F5B542DF5BE60D22ED | |||
PID | Process | Method | HTTP Code | IP | URL | CN | Type | Size | Reputation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
968 | steam.exe | GET | 302 | 155.133.250.76:80 | http://client-download.steampowered.com/client/steam_client_win32 | PE | — | — | whitelisted |
2812 | steam.exe | GET | 302 | 155.133.250.75:80 | http://client-download.steampowered.com/client/steam_client_win32 | PE | — | — | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/tenfoot_ambientsounds_all.zip.89b80bcfdd11b2b99257ddbbdc374e2df54e2738 | NL | ini | 7.60 Mb | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/tenfoot_misc_all.zip.1ca83d76835b4613170f5cead778b176b11f2b0c | NL | binary | 12.5 Mb | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/steam_client_win32?1586145925 | NL | text | 4.40 Kb | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/strings_all.zip.vz.dd0b6c696ee880dd4412e1e02fc3d58951b726d5_2159696 | NL | binary | 2.06 Mb | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/bins_cef_win32_win7.zip.vz.1f46e8d1c1788dfc2ef43ee7b781cec317b7fe5b_58842551 | NL | binary | 56.1 Mb | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/tenfoot_images_all.zip.vz.1af41b6242b1b51825e0f5c6840568ec4db003d0_31340465 | NL | binary | 29.8 Mb | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/resources_hidpi_all.zip.vz.66e6d0c4758df08e7a52aeca5d75f7cf2d243268_56612 | NL | binary | 55.2 Kb | whitelisted |
968 | steam.exe | GET | 200 | 23.53.42.98:80 | http://media4.steampowered.com/client/bins_codecs_win32.zip.vz.568108d774a036c6684c0a1f78a33ec2e8044b4c_2547912 | NL | binary | 2.43 Mb | whitelisted |
PID | Process | IP | Domain | ASN | CN | Reputation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
968 | steam.exe | 155.133.250.76:80 | client-download.steampowered.com | — | PE | suspicious |
968 | steam.exe | 23.53.42.98:80 | media4.steampowered.com | Telia Company AB | NL | suspicious |
2820 | SteamService.exe | 93.184.220.29:80 | ocsp.digicert.com | MCI Communications Services, Inc. d/b/a Verizon Business | US | whitelisted |
2812 | steam.exe | 172.217.16.206:443 | redirector.gvt1.com | Google Inc. | US | whitelisted |
2812 | steam.exe | 155.133.250.75:80 | client-download.steampowered.com | — | PE | suspicious |
2812 | steam.exe | 216.58.205.227:80 | ocsp.pki.goog | Google Inc. | US | whitelisted |
3408 | iexplore.exe | 152.199.19.161:443 | r20swj13mr.microsoft.com | MCI Communications Services, Inc. d/b/a Verizon Business | US | whitelisted |
3408 | iexplore.exe | 204.79.197.200:80 | www.bing.com | Microsoft Corporation | US | whitelisted |
3408 | iexplore.exe | 93.184.220.29:80 | ocsp.digicert.com | MCI Communications Services, Inc. d/b/a Verizon Business | US | whitelisted |
3408 | iexplore.exe | 72.21.81.200:443 | iecvlist.microsoft.com | MCI Communications Services, Inc. d/b/a Verizon Business | US | whitelisted |
Domain | IP | Reputation |
|---|---|---|
client-download.steampowered.com |
| whitelisted |
media4.steampowered.com |
| whitelisted |
ocsp.digicert.com |
| whitelisted |
api.steampowered.com |
| suspicious |
ipv6check-udp.steamcontent.com |
| unknown |
redirector.gvt1.com |
| whitelisted |
ipv6check-http.steamcontent.com |
| unknown |
ocsp.pki.goog |
| whitelisted |
r4---sn-aigl6nl7.gvt1.com |
| whitelisted |
r3---sn-aigl6ned.gvt1.com |
| whitelisted |
PID | Process | Class | Message |
|---|---|---|---|
968 | steam.exe | Potential Corporate Privacy Violation | ET USER_AGENTS Steam HTTP Client User-Agent |
Process | Message |
|---|---|
steam.exe | |
steam.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\crashhandler.dll |
steam.exe | C:\Program Files\Steam\steamerrorreporter.exe |
steam.exe | |
steam.exe | |
steam.exe | |
steamwebhelper.exe | [0410/093859.498:INFO:crash_reporting.cc(247)] Crash reporting enabled for process: browser
|
steamwebhelper.exe | [0410/093859.638:ERROR:widevine_loader.cc(383)] Widevine CDM registration failed; Manifest has no supported x-cdm-interface-versions in '8'
|
steamwebhelper.exe | [0410/093901.263:WARNING:gpu_process_host.cc(1213)] The GPU process has crashed 1 time(s)
|
steamwebhelper.exe | [0410/093901.607:INFO:crash_reporting.cc(247)] Crash reporting enabled for process: utility
|